Skip to Main Content

APA Style

A quick overview of how to use the APA Style and examples of in-text citations and references for a variety of different sources.

Examples of In-Text Citations and References for Books

Reference

McCord, E. L. (2012). The value of species. Yale University Press.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (McCord, 2012).

Narrative: McCord (2012) highlights numerous studies that have replicated these results utilizing the same methods.

Reference

Green, L. C., & Brown, P. B. (2017). The entrepreneur’s playbook: More than 100 proven strategies, tips, and techniques to build a radically successful business. AMACOM.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (Green & Brown, 2017).

Narrative: Green and Brown (2017) highlight...

Up to twenty authors are listed individually in the Works Cited; for in-text citing, use et al. after the first author.

Reference

Fisher, D., Frey, N., Quaglia, R. J., Smith, D., & Lande, L. L. (2018). Engagement by design: Creating learning environments where students thrive. Corwin Literacy.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: The longitudinal study indicates a higher tendency for certain behavior (Fisher et al., 2003).

Narrative: Fisher et al. (2003) made…

If the number of authors is twenty-one or more, list the first nineteen authors, insert an ellipsis (...), and then the last author's name. Format the rest of the reference as you would with other books.

Formatting of the in-text citation and reference is the same a book with one, two, or multiple authors. The only difference is adding (Ed.) or (Eds.) to the reference after the author(s) name(s).

Reference

Strauss, S., Rupp, S., & Love, T. F. (Eds.). (2013). Cultures of energy: Power, practices, technologies. Left Coast Press.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (Strauss et al., 2013).

Narrative: Strauss et al. (2017) highlight...

The word 'edition' is abbreviated to ed. Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Cavanaugh, J. C., & Blanchard-Fields, F. (2018). Adult development and aging (8th ed.). Wadsworth Publishing.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (Cavanaugh & Blanchard-Fields, 2013).

Narrative: Cavanaugh and Blanchard-Fields (2017) highlight...

Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Pearlman, L. A. (2012). Moral dimensions of trauma therapies. In M. Mikulincer & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), The social psychology of morality: Exploring the causes of good and evil (pp. 311-28). American Psychological Association.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (Pearlman, 2012).

Narrative: Pearlman (2012) highlights...

Reference

American Psychiatric Association (Ed.). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

Narrative: American Psychiatric Association (2013) highlights...

'Retrieved from' is no longer used in electronic source references except when there is no publication date. Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Edinger, S. K., & Sain, L. (2015). The hidden leader: Discover and develop greatness within your company. AMACOM. http://www.ilstu.eblib.com/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patron&extendedid=P_1711864_0

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: The longitudinal study indicates a higher tendency for certain behavior (Edinger & Sain, 2015).

Narrative: Edinger and Sain (2015) have shown…

'Retrieved from' is no longer used in electronic source references except when there is no publication date. Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Skinner, J., & Jolliffe, L. (Eds.). (2017). Murals and tourism: Heritage, politics and identity. Taylor and Francis. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ilstu/detail.action?docID=4865852

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: The longitudinal study indicates a higher tendency for certain behavior (Skinner & Jolliffe, 2015).

Narrative: Skinner and Jolliffe (2015) have shown…

'Retrieved from' is no longer used in electronic source references except when there is no publication date. The word 'edition' is abbreviated to ed. Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Roux, G., & Halstead, J. A. (2018). Issues and trends in Nursing: Practice, policy, and leadership (2nd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. Retrieved from http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ilstu/detail.action?docID=4838489

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: The longitudinal study indicates a higher tendency for certain behavior (Roux & Halstead, 2018).

Narrative: Roux and Halstead (2018) have shown…

Use Book author examples for formatting & citing multiple authors.

Reference

Nadimi, Farzin. (2013). The role of oil in the outcome of the Iran–Iraq War: Some important lessons in historical context. In N. Ashton & B. Gibson (Eds.), The Iran-Iraq War new international perspectives (pp. 77–91). http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ilstu/detail.action?docID=1097796

In-text Citation

Parenthetical: Numerous studies have replicated these results utilizing the same methods (Nadimi, 2013).

Narrative: Nadimi (2013) highlights...

Ask a Milner Librarian